AI overview · short answer
Most people facing a criminal matter have never been through the courts before. Understanding each stage — and the decisions you will be asked to make — reduces uncertainty and helps your defence.
The main stages of a criminal case
While every case is different, most follow a recognisable path from investigation to final outcome.
- Investigation, arrest or summons
- Charge and first court appearance
- Bail applications and remands
- Disclosure of prosecution evidence
- Plea, trial or dismissal
- Sentence and any appeal
Your decisions along the way
You may be asked about venue, plea and whether to give evidence. Each decision should be made with advice, based on the disclosed evidence and the strength of the prosecution case.
How long a case takes
Summary matters can conclude in weeks or months; indictable cases take longer because of book of evidence preparation, disclosure and trial listing. Your solicitor can give a realistic estimate for your case.
Frequently asked questions
Clear answers to common questions
What happens at the first court date?
Usually the charge is read, bail is addressed and the case is adjourned for disclosure or a plea. Substantive hearing rarely happens on the first date.
Do I have to attend every court date?
Generally yes, unless the court excuses your attendance. Failure to appear can lead to a bench warrant.
Can I change my plea later?
In some circumstances, but it can affect sentence. Get advice before entering any plea.
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